Our last article launched our Retirement Planning Basics series by covering the Traditional IRA. In todays article, we will discuss another hugely popular retirement vehicle, the 401(k).

Whether you are finishing up a Christian debt settlement program, just starting your career as a recent college graduate with a new job or you are preparing for a Christian retirement, planning for your financial future is wise. First Peter 1:3 tells us that all the power we need to navigate our life — including our financial future — comes through the hope we have through Christ Jesus.

Part of exercising that power is educating yourself about retirement plans and packages before you make financial decisions. This article discusses some basics about 401(k) savings plans.

If numbers are any indication, this plan is one of the most popular retirement savings vehicles today. There are about 50 million individual 401(k) accounts in the United States.

Originally, 401(k) designers envisioned a tax-deferment vehicle purely as a tax break that pushed tax liability to a future date when earnings were used. Today, it is part of a retirement income stream that includes personal savings, pension and Social Security disbursements.

A 401(k) plan is an employer-sponsored plan where workers choose to contribute through payroll deductions. The maximum annual contribution for 2013 is $17,500. Plans are portable, you can rollover the account into a new account without penalties if you change jobs.

There are three distinct benefits of using a 401(k) to save for retirement.

1. Convenience of automatic deposits.
2. Employers match a percentage of deposits — typically 3% to 6% of annual salary.
3. Tax is deferred until you withdraw the money after age 59½ or for a qualified hardship.

As with any retirement plan, there are some drawbacks as well. Just like with the Traditional IRA, if you withdraw money early, you’ll pay a 10% penalty-tax along with tax on earnings. Also, some employers don’t allow early withdrawal except for resignation or termination.

People planning for a Christian retirement need to know how their investments are managed.

Employers typically contract with financial management companies to pool the funds into a basket of diverse stocks, bonds and mutual funds. Employees choose where to invest contributions from a list provided by their employer. Investments earn dividends, but there are many fees associated with a 401(k). Most fees are low — 1% to 5%; however some unscrupulous fund managers charge fees ranging from 15% to 50%. Some employers even negotiate a commission based on employee participation.

Even a small fee can devour your savings. Take this example. Let’s assume John is 40-years old, has a 401(k) balance of $10,000 today, and plans to contribute $5,000 annually until he is 65. With an 8% assumed return on investment, and a 3% fee structure, John will have $272,499 when he is ready to retire. If the fee was only 1.5%, his nest egg would be $342,715 — a difference of $70, 216.

As with any investment, do your research before selecting individual stocks or bonds. Ask about fees and rates. Calculate your tolerance based on your age, job stability and financial situation. Working with a Christian financial counselor can help your assess your finances and establish a solid saving plan for your future.